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During 2000, the São Paulo Stock Exchange accounted
for 100% of the trading value of equity securities on all
Brazilian Stock Exchanges.
The São Paulo Stock Exchange is a not-for-profit entity
owned by its member brokerage firms. Trading on exchange is
limited to member brokerage firms and a limited number of
authorized non-members. The São Paulo Stock Exchange
has two open outcry trading sessions each day, from 10:30
a.m. to 1:30 p.m. and from 2:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. Market makers
exist on the São Paulo Stock Exchange, but are only
authorized to make markets in options for stock indices which
are traded on that exchange and to engage in transactions
on META (Mercado de Empresas Teleassistidas), an electronic
trading system operating at the São Paulo Stock Exchange
and permitting trading in the securities of companies registered
for that purpose. These companies must appoint the market
makers authorized to deal in their securities. There are no
specialists or market makers for our shares on the São
Paulo Stock Exchange. The Brazilian securities commission,
known as CVM, and the São Paulo Stock Exchange has
discretionary authority to suspend trading in shares of a
particular issuer under certain circumstances. Trading in
securities listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange may
be effected off the exchange in certain circumstances, although
such trading is very limited.
Settlement of transactions is effected three business days
after the trade date without adjustment of the purchase price
for inflation. Payment for shares is made through the facilities
of separate clearinghouses for each exchange, which maintain
accounts for member brokerage firms. The seller is ordinarily
required to deliver the shares to the exchange on the second
business day following the trade date. The clearinghouse for
the São Paulo Stock Exchange is "Câmara
Brasileira de Liquidação e Custodia S.A.",
which is owned by members of the exchange.
At December 31, 2000, the aggregate market capitalization
of the 467 companies listed on the São Paulo Stock
Exchange was approximately U.S.$225.5 billions. Although all
the outstanding shares of an exchange-listed company may trade
on any Brazilian stock exchange, in most cases less than half
of the listed shares are actually available for trading by
the public, the remainder being held by small groups of controlling
persons that rarely trade their shares. This is particularly
true in the case of "mixed-capital" companies, such
as Telebrás, before its privatization. According to
Brazilian law, "mixed-capital" companies should
have more than half of their voting shares owned by Brazilian
government entities. For this reason, data showing the total
market capitalization of Brazilian stock exchanges tends to
overstate the liquidity of the Brazilian equity securities
market.
Although the Brazilian equity market is Latin America's largest
in terms of market capitalization, it is relatively small
and illiquid compared to major world markets. In 2000, the
daily trading volumes on that exchange averaged approximately
U.S.$410.2 millions. In 2000, the five most actively traded
issues represented approximately 47.07% of the total trading
in the cash market on the São Paulo Stock Exchange.
Trading on Brazilian stock exchanges by non-residents of Brazil
is subject to certain limitations under Brazilian foreign
investment legislation.
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